Fitness Professionals Handbook, Fifth Edition, is back with a new title, an expanded scope, and thoroughly updated material. With three new chapters, numerous ancillaries, and material that reflect the current American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) guidelines, this text will allow both students and professionals to stay abreast of the latest research and information in the field.

Formerly titled Health Fitness Instructors Handbook, this full-color text has undergone a title change to better reflect its extensive use in the field. Reflective of updates made in the seventh edition of ACSMs Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription, it serves as an essential text for those seeking ACSM health/fitness instructor certification and an invaluable reference for certified fitness professionals striving to stay informed amid ongoing research advances.

Every chapter has been updated based on the latest standards, guidelines, and research, allowing readers to explore the newest theories, research findings, and current issues in the field. The following are among the most significant changes to the text:

• A completely rewritten chapter on health appraisal that focuses on the sequence of steps to follow in screening participants
• Updates based on the most recent dietary guidelines and current standards for nutritional intake
• A thorough discussion of how to develop effective exercise prescriptions for strength and endurance in a very small space
• A new chapter that focuses on yoga, Pilates, and other mind"body exercises
• Additional insight from an expert providing real-life experiences in both fitness- and hospital-based programs and details regarding budget development

Through this text, students with little or no background in fitness testing and prescription will learn to screen participants, carry out standardized fitness tests to evaluate major components of fitness, and write appropriate fitness prescriptions. They will also learn how to apply this information to special populations, including children, older adults, women, or those with chronic disease (e.g., hypertension) or a specific condition (e.g., pregnancy). To aid readers with comprehension, the text retains the best features of previous editions, such as reproducible forms, useful key points, interesting sidebars, case study questions and answers, key terms and glossary, and extensive references throughout the book.

The text features an array of ancillaries, making it easy for instructors to develop and effectively teach their course. All materials are offered through a convenient product-specific Web site and include a new instructor guide, a revised test bank, and a PowerPoint presentation package that includes art, photos, and tables pulled from the text. In addition, the texts attention to detail regarding the most common fitness tests allows it to be seamlessly integrated into lab experiences associated with fitness assessment.

Fitness Professionals Handbook, Fifth Edition, provides readers with comprehensive information on the fundamentals of fitness, exercise physiology, and biomechanics. Updates on assessing muscular fitness, applying guidelines for strength and muscular endurance training for diverse populations, preventing low back pain, and interpreting nutritional guidelines will allow readers to better understand the role of physical activity in the quality of life and how to follow practical guidelines for screening, testing, supervising, and modifying activity for various populations. As such, it will be a useful text for students and a valuable reference for practitioners.

Contents

Preface

Part I. Activity, Fitness, and Health
Chapter 1. Physical Activity and Health

The Best of Times and Worst of Times for Physical Activity Professionals

Connections Between Physical Activity and Health

What We Know About Physical Activity, Fitness, and Health

Physical Activity and Prevention of Premature Health Problems

Implications for Fitness Professionals

What Is Necessary to Promote Physical Activity

Case Studies
Chapter 2. Physical Fitness and Performance

Physical Fitness Goals

Performance Goals

Components of Physical Fitness and Performance

Behaviors That Support Fitness and Performance Components

Common Behaviors for Fitness and Health

Setting Fitness Goals

Taking Control of Personal Health Status

Case Study
Chapter 3. Health Appraisal

Evaluating Health Status

Making Fitness Program

Case Studies

Part II. Evaluation of Fitness
Chapter 4. Energy Costs of Physical Activity

Ways to Measure Energy Expenditure

Ways to Express Energy Expenditure

Equations for Estimating the Energy Cost of Activities

Energy Requirements of Walking, Running, Cycle Ergometry, and Stepping

Energy Requirements of Other Activities

Case Studies
Chapter 5. Cardiorespiratory Fitness

Why Test Cardiorespiratory Fitness?

Risks of CRF Testing

Testing Sequence

Field Tests

Graded Exercise Tests

Common Variables Measured During a GXT

Procedures for Graded Exercise Testing

When to Use Submaximal and Maximal Tests

Case Studies

Appendix
Chapter 6. Body Composition

Health and Body Composition

Methods for Assessing Body Composition

Calculating Target Body Weight

Case Study
Chapter 7. Nutrition

Six Classes of Essential Nutrients

Assessing Dietary Intake

Recommendations for Dietary Intake

Diet, Exercise, and the Blood Lipid Profile

Nutrition for Physically Active Individuals

Female Athlete Triad

Case Study
Chapter 8. Assessment of Muscular Fitness

Preliminary Considerations

Muscular Strength

Local Muscular Endurance

Special Considerations: Older Adults

Special Considerations: Coronary Prone Clients

Considerations when evaluating strength in youth

Conclusions

Case Study
Chapter 9. Flexibility and Low Back Function

Factors Affecting ROM

ROM and Low Back Function

Measuring Spine and Hip-Joint ROM

Case Studies

Appendix

Part III. Exercise Prescription for Health and Fitness
Chapter 10. Exercise Prescription for Cardiorespiratory Fitness

Prescribing Exercise

Short- and Long-Term Responses to Exercise

Public Health Recommendations for Physical Activity

General Guidelines for CRF Programs

Formulating the Exercise Prescription

Determining Intensity

Exercise Recommendations for the Untested Masses

Exercise Programming for the Fit Population

Exercise Prescriptions Using Complete GXT Results

Program Selection

Environmental Concerns

Exercise and Cold Exposure

Effect of Air Pollution

Effect of Altitude

Case Studies
Chapter 11. Exercise Prescription for Weight Management

Increasing Prevalence of Obesity in the United States

Etiology of Obesity

Maintaining a Healthy Weight

Behavior Modification Techniques for Weight Loss and Maintenance

Gimmicks and Gadgets for Weight Loss

Disordered Eating Patterns

Strategies for Gaining Weight

Case Study
Chapter 12. Exercise Prescription for Muscular Strength and Endurance Training

Principles of Training

Considerations for Program Design

Types of Resistance Training

Modes of Resistance Training

Safety Issues

Resistance Training Guidelines

Overreaching and Overtraining

Resistance Training Systems

Resistance Training for Special Populations

Exercise Prescription Summary for Resistance Training

Case Studies

Appendix
Chapter 13. Exercise Prescription for Flexibility and Low Back Function

Anatomy of the Spine

Spinal Movement

Mechanics of the Spine and Hip Joint

Low Back Pain: A Repetitive Microtrauma Injury

Exercise Considerations: Preventive and Therapeutic

An Examination of Exercises That Involve Muscles of the Spine

An Examination of Exercises That Involve the Muscles of the Abdominal Wall

Prophylactic Exercises for Enhancing Low Back Function

Case Studies

Appendix
Chapter 14. Exercise Leadership for Health and Fitness

Effective Leadership

Progression of Activities

Walk, Jog, Run Programs

Games

Aquatic Activities

Exercising to Music

Exercise Equipment

Circuit Training

Case Studies

Part IV. Special Populations
Chapter 15. Exercise and Children and Youth

Response to Exercise

Special Considerations

Testing

Recommendations for Physical Activity

Case Studies
Chapter 16. Exercise and Older Adults

Overview

Effects of Aging on Fitness

Special Considerations Regarding Exercise Testing

Exercise Prescription

Epilogue

Case Study
Chapter 17. Exercise and Womens Health

Pregnancy and Exercise

Osteoporosis

Female Athlete Triad

Case Study
Chapter 18. Exercise and Coronary Heart Disease

Atherosclerosis

Populations in Cardiac Rehabilitation Programs

Evidence That Exercise Training Plays a Role

Special Diagnostic Tests to Detect CHD

Typical Exercise Prescription

Case Studies
Chapter 19. Exercise and Obesity

Potential Causes

Role of Physical Activity in Prevention and Treatment of Obesity

Special Medical Screening

Exercise Prescription

Case Study
Chapter 20. Exercise and Diabetes

Overview

Comparison of Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes

Importance of Exercise for Diabetic Clients

Screening and Testing Diabetic Clients

Exercise Prescription

Case Study
Chapter 21. Exercise, Asthma, and Pulmonary Disease

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases

Restrictive Lung Diseases

Evidence That Exercise Plays a Role

Testing and Evaluation

Typical Exercise Prescription in Pulmonary Diseases

Medications for Pulmonary Diseases

Case Studies

Part V. Exercise Programming
Chapter 22. Behavior Modification

Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change

Promoting Exercise: Targeting Precontemplators and Contemplators

Enhancing Adherence: Methods of Behavior Change for Participants in the Action and Maintenance Stages

Relapse Prevention

Health Fitness Counseling

Case Studies
Chapter 23. Mindful Exercise for Fitness Professionals

Introduction and Key Features of Mindful Exercise

Origins

Yoga

Qigong Exercise and Tai Chi

Contemporary Mindful Exercise Programs

Mindful Exercise Outcome Indicators and Benefits

Final Word

Case Study
Chapter 24. Exercise Related to ECG and Medications

Understanding the Structure of the Heart

Oxygen Use by the Heart

Electrophysiology of the Heart

Conduction System of the Heart

Basic Information for Interpreting the ECG

Cardiovascular Medications

Case Studies
Chapter 25. Injury Prevention and Treatment

Preventing Injuries

Injury Treatment

Environmental Concerns

Medical Concerns

Common Orthopedic Problems

CPR and Emergency Procedures

Rescue Breathing, CPR, and Use of the Automated External Defibrillator

Case Studies
Chapter 26. Program Administration/Management

Strategic Operating Planning

Managing and Evaluating Personnel

Developing a Successful Program

Safety and Legal Concerns

Developing a Budget

Equipment and Record Keeping

Quality Assessment Measures

Case Studies

Part VI. Scientific Foundations
Chapter 27. Functional Anatomy and Biomechanics

Understanding Skeletal Anatomy

Structure and Function of the Joints

Factors That Determine Direction and Range of Motion

Voluntary (Skeletal) Muscle

Tips for Exercising Muscle Groups and Some Common Exercise Mistakes

Muscle Group Involvement in Selected Activities

Basic Mechanical Concepts Related to Human Movement

Common Mechanical Errors During Locomotion, Throwing, and Striking

Case Studies
Chapter 28. Exercise Physiology

Relationship of Energy and Work

Understanding Muscle Structure and Function

Metabolic, Cardiovascular, and Respiratory Responses to Exercise

Graded Exercise Test

Effects of Endurance Training and Detraining on Physiological Responses to Exercise

Cardiovascular Responses to Exercise for Females and Males

Cardiovascular Responses to Isometric Exercise and Weightlifting

Regulating Body Temperature

Case Studies

Appendix A: Case Study Answers

Appendix B: Calculation of Oxygen Uptake and Carbon Dioxide Production

Appendix C: Energy Costs of Various Physical Activities

Appendix D: Medications and Their Effects

Appendix E: Evaluation of Fitness

Glossary

Index

About the Authors

About the Contributors

Audiences

A text for upper-level undergraduate and beginning graduate students in fitness testing and exercise prescription courses as well as those studying exercise physiology and biomechanics. A reference for health and fitness professionals and specialists and those preparing for ACSM certification.

Edward T. Howley, PhD, is a professor in the department of exercise, sport, and leisure studies at the University of Tennessee at Knoxville. Dr. Howley, who teaches an undergraduate course in fitness testing and prescription and undergraduate and graduate courses in exercise physiology, has been teaching and conducting research in the field for the past 35 years. He served as president of the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) in 2002-03 and helped develop and deliver ACSM certification programs.

Besides the previous editions of this book, Dr. Howley has authored another book, four book chapters, and 45 research articles dealing with exercise physiology, fitness testing, and prescription. He currently serves as editor in chief of ACSM's Health and Fitness Journal. He is a fellow in the American Academy of Kinesiology and Physical Education and is chair of the Science Board of the President's Council for Physical Fitness and Sports. His research interests include exercise metabolism, obesity, and the effects of training. He has received several outstanding teacher awards. In his leisure time, Dr. Howley enjoys playing golf, biking, and swimming.

B. Don Franks, PhD, is a professor emeritus who has conducted research and taught physical activity, fitness, and health for 40 years. Dr. Franks, who earned his PhD from the University of Illinois under fitness pioneer T.K Cureton, has received several honor and teaching awards and has been active for 40 years in the American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Dance (AAHPERD); the American Academy of Kinesiology and Physical Education (AAKPE); and the American College of Sports Medicine. He is past president of AAKPE and the AAHPERD Research Consortium. Dr Franks enjoys playing racquetball and golf and skiing.

"A Bible for the fitness instructor."

American Fitness (review from previous edition)

"A compendium that you will be dipping into frequently. As reference books for fitness instructors go, this one just has to be topping the list."

FitBody Magazine (review from previous edition)

Instructor Guide. Specifically developed for instructors of Fitness Professionals Handbook, Fifth Edition, the instructor guide is completely revised to reflect the books updated content. It contains a student syllabus, course outline highlighting the lecture topic and lab or activity for each class, initial practical exam, final practical exam, and laboratory notebook used to track twelve fitness assessments and programs.

Test Package. The test package, created with Respondus 2.0, includes a bank of 439 questions specially created for the Fitness Professionals Handbook, Fifth Edition. Various types of questions are included: true-or-false, multiple-choice, and short answer/essay questions covering the key information of each chapter. With Respondus LE, a free version of the Respondus software, instructors can

• create print versions of their own tests by selecting from the question pool;
• create, store, and retrieve their own questions;
• select their own test forms and save them for later editing or printing; and
• export the tests into a word-processing program.

A Respondus upgrade also offers the capability to create and manage exams that can be published directly to Blackboard, eCollege, WebCT, and other course management systems. Instructions for downloading a free version of Respondus are included in the test package.

Presentation Package. The presentation package for Fitness Professionals Handbook, Fifth Edition, includes approximately 580 PowerPoint slides of text, art, tables, and photos from the book that instructors can use for class discussion and illustration.

The slides in the presentation package can be used directly within PowerPoint, or be printed to make transparencies or handouts for distribution to students. Instructors can easily add, modify, and rearrange the order of the slides as well as search for images based on key words.

The presentation package is also available on CD-ROM for Windows or Macintosh ISBN 978-0-7360-6204-6